D

Definition

The beginning of the earliest period for which an entity presents full comparative information under IFRSs in its first IFRS financial statements.

Definition

Temporary differences between the carrying amount of an asset or liability in the balance sheet and its tax base that will result in amounts that are deductible in determining taxable profit (tax loss) of future periods when the carrying amount of the asset or liability is recovered or settled.

Definition

An amount used as a surrogate for cost or depreciated cost at a given date. Subsequent depreciation or amortisation assumes that the entity had initially recognised the asset or liability at the given date and that its cost was equal to the deemed cost.

Definition

The amounts of income taxes recoverable in future periods in respect of:

• (a) deductible temporary differences;
• (b) the carryforward of unused tax losses; and
• (c) the carryforward of unused tax credits.

Definition

The amounts of income taxes payable in future periods in respect of taxable temporary differences.

Definition

The net total of the following amounts:

• (a) the present value of the defined benefit obligation at the end of the reporting period;
• (b) plus any actuarial gains (less any actuarial losses) not recognised;
• (c) minus any past service cost not yet recognised;
• (d) minus the fair value at the end of the reporting period of plan assets (if any) out of which the obligations are to be settled directly.

Definition

The present value, without deducting any plan assets, of expected future payments required to settle the obligation resulting from employee service in the current and prior periods.

Definition

Post-employment benefit plans other than defined contribution plans.

Retirement benefit plans under which amounts to be paid as retirement benefits are determined by reference to a formula usually based on employees’ earnings and/or years of service.

Retirement benefit plans under which amounts to be paid as retirement benefits are determined by contributions to a fund together with investment earnings thereon.

Definition

Post-employment benefit plans under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity (a fund) and will have no legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employee benefits relating to employee service in the current and prior periods.

Definition

The cost of an asset, or other amount substituted for cost (in the financial statements), less its residual value.

Definition

The systematic allocation of the depreciable amount of an asset over its useful life.

Definition

The removal of a previously recognised financial asset or financial liability from an entity’s statement of financial position.

Definition

A financial instrument or other contract within the scope of IAS 39 (see paragraphs 2–7) with all three of the following characteristics:

• (a) its value changes in response to the change in a specified interest rate, financial instrument price, commodity price, foreign exchange rate, index of prices or rates, credit rating or credit index, or other variable, provided in the case of a non-financial variable that the variable is not specific to a party to the contract (sometimes called the ‘underlying’);
• (b) it requires no initial net investment or an initial net investment that is smaller than would be required for other types of contracts that would be expected to have a similar response to changes in market factors; and
• (c) it is settled at a future date.

Definition

Financial instruments such as financial options, futures and forwards, interest rate swaps and currency swaps, which create rights and obligations that have the effect of transferring between the parties to the instrument one or more of the financial risks inherent in an underlying primary financial instrument. On inception, derivative financial instruments give one party a contractual right to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with another party under conditions that are potentially favourable, or a contractual obligation to exchange financial assets or financial liabilities with another party under conditions that are potentially unfavourable. However, they generally do not result in a transfer of the underlying primary financial instrument on inception of the contract, nor does such a transfer necessarily take place on maturity of the contract. Some instruments embody both a right and an obligation to make an exchange. Because the terms of the exchange are determined on inception of the derivative instrument, as prices in financial markets change those terms may become either favourable or unfavourable.

Definition

The application of research findings or other knowledge to a plan or design for the production of new or substantially improved materials, devices, products, processes, systems or services before the start of commercial production or use.

Definition

A reduction in earnings per share or an increase in loss per share resulting from the assumption that convertible instruments are converted, that options or warrants are exercised, or that ordinary shares are issued upon the satisfaction of specified conditions.

Definition

A component of an entity that either has been disposed of or is classified as held for sale and:

• (a) represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations,
• (b) is part of a single co-ordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or geographical area of operations or
• (c) is a subsidiary acquired exclusively with a view to resale.

Definition

A group of assets to be disposed of, by sale or otherwise, together as a group in a single transaction, and liabilities directly associated with those assets that will be transferred in the transaction. The group includes goodwill acquired in a business combination if the group is a cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs 80–87 of IAS 36 or if it is an operation within such a cash-generating unit.

Definition

Distributions of profits to holders of equity investments in proportion to their holdings of a particular class of capital.