As a reminder, the electromagnetic (EM) shielding of a material has the objective of cutting off the EM waves on a range of frequencies so that it will not create any interference and will not damage the functionality and integrity of electronic systems (besides protecting passengers). One solution among many others (compounding, coating, overmolded or impregnated conductive fabrics, conductive polymers…) consists in compounding a polymer with conductive fillers. In order to optimize such a formulation and to quantify the influence of the microstructure (filler dimensions, orientation, …) on the shielding efficiency, simulation on Representative Volume elements (RVE) could be potentially a useful tool. An advantage of the approach is also to be able to predict the electrical percolation threshold (which cannot be captured by homogenized theories) but the main limitation is the need to get access to the microstructure (i.e. orientation and dimensions of the fillers). This is illustrated in the following document.
Besides the predictions at the microlevel, the interaction between a part and the 3D electromagnetic field can be calculated using the Comsol tool. in order to assess the reliability of the approach, Since we started literally from scratch, we used the simplest model, i.e. an antenna as the source of the EM field and a rectangular box made of a “semi-conductive” material. The approach was then tested on a real (but simplified though) inverter.