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From NET SALES to CONTRIBUTION MARGIN

  • Net Sales & Other Revenues from Business
  • Variable selling expenses
  • Variable costs of sales

From CONTRIBUTION MARGIN to GROSS MARGIN

  • Non-proportional costs of sales
  • Other costs on activities
  • Miscellaneous production

From GROSS MARGIN to REBIT

  • Administrative, Commercial, R&D
  • Other recurring operating gains & losses (incl Operating gains & losses on foreign exchange)

From REBIT to EBIT

  • Restructuring
  • Non-recurring items

From EBIT to INCOME BEFORE TAX

  • Financial income & charges on net debt + on employee benefits provisions
  • Dividends received from equity instruments measured at fair value through OCI and  from consolidated companies
  • Foreign exchange gains and losses on financial items

From INCOME BEFORE TAX to INCOME/(LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO EQUITY HOLDERS

  • Income tax
  • Non-controlling interests
  • Gains & losses from discontinued operations